Window construction



June 26, 1934. A. GHITTINO ET AL WINDOW CONSTRUCTION 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 12, 1932 F1 5. 1 JOSEPH FDPKIN/ June 26, 1934. GHlTTlNO ET AL 1,963,989

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION JOSEPH FEIPKIN his June 26, 1934. GHITTINO Er AL 1,963,989

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION msLQsi- 1 FIELZ 1 Q 51 FIRE].

g m A Zlwuwvbomq ALEXANDEREHITTINUAND JOSEPH PDFKIN Patented June 26, 1934 I a a UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Alexander Ghittino and Joseph Popkin, New York, N. Y.

Application October 12, 1932, Serial No. 637,536

9 Claims. (Cl. 20-53) This invention relates to improvements in winactuator plate of one of the nests of moisture dow construction, and more particularly to sash guards. supporting locking means and rain-guards co- Referring to the drawings by numerals, 1 indioperating therewith. cates any ordinary window-frame having the Among the objects in view is the mounting of usual boxing 2 and interior trim 3. Within the superimposed, cooperating sashes each capable boxing 2 is ar a the sash p which y of independent, angular adjustment from a closed, be 0f a y Ordinary stock material, but p upright position to a series of difierent angular ably provided With a a l bead 0 interlock positions. with an appropriate groove in the engaging sash, A further object is the provision of means to as seen at the top of Fi r 2, t insure weather- 65 enable complete reversal of each of the sashes p oof o bs a y air tight C ect o to cause the normally outer surface of the sash Within the boxing 2 are arran ed sashes 5 and to be exposed inward. 6, the former being superimposed uponthe latter A still further object is the coordinating of When closed. The lower sash, 6, is provided I moisture guards or rain protectors such that'the a edge near its 10We1 end with a plate 7 adjustment of a sash angularly acts upon the av g an de Outstanding projection r guard to correspondingly adjust it. ear 8 rounded at its outerextremity to substan- With these and further objects in view'as will tially a Semi-circle, as seen at'9. Each ear 8 is in part hereinafter become apparent and in part perforatedeat 10 alOhg t X S about Which the be stated, the invention comprises certain novel Curve 9 is generated- A hearing p 11 is detach constructions, combinations, and arrangements ably mounted t eXtend through each of e aperof parts as subsequently specified and claimed. tules 10 Provide pp the p s 8 and In the accompanying drawings,- the sash carried thereby while permitting the Figure 1 is a view in elevation of a window conp a a d Sash to swing vertically abOut the struction looking from the inside of the window, p The p Of Course, are preferably and parts being shown in vertical section for an n axial alinement and y um disclosing otherwise concealed parts. the form of detachable bolts whose heads serve Figure 2 is a vertical section through the parts f r h ari engagement wi h h pl 8. seen in Figure 1, taken on the planes indi ated Fixed to the window-frame, as, for instance, to by line 2 2 of Figure 1 and line 2-2 of Figure the sill 12 of boxing 2, or to an appropriate win- 3, parts being seen in elevation. dow seat or like plate 13 carried by the sill 12, Figure 3 is a transverse, horizontal section taken is an pp p hOXihg 14 Which is Of a length on the plane indicated by line 33 of Figure 2, to extend from one vertical edge of sash 6 to and looking downward, parts being seen in plan, the other vertical edge thereof. Arranged at Figure 4 is a detailed perspective view of the each end of the boxing 1 is a preferably metal 90 window-frame-engaging housing plate for one of housing, one being indicated at 15 and the other the nests of moisture guards, the plate being deat 16, and each being provided with attaching tached. flanges 1'7 or other appropriate fastening means Figure 5 is an enlarged, detailed, vertical secconnected by Screws other acceptable a tion taken on the plane indicated by line 55 of teners to the respective portions of thetrim 3, 9

Figure 1, parts being seen in elevation. or other acceptable, appropriate parts of the Figure 6 is a similar view of a somewhat modi- Window-frame. Each housing 15, is p fied embodiment. vided with an upstanding plate or projection 18 Figure '7 is a fragmentaryjenlarged, transverse formed with a threaded aperture 19 into which section taken on the plane indicated by line 7-7 the respective b 11 is screwedproviding a 100 of Figure 1, parts being seen in elevation. pivotal mounting for the sash 6. The spacing Figure 8 is a fragmentary, sectional perspecbetween the plates or projections 18 is preferably tive of the upper sash, its transom bar, and one such as to snugly accommodate the plates 8 set of its connections thereto, the window-frame therebetween, so that, when the bolts 11 are and lower sash being omitted. withdrawn, the sash 6 may readily be withdrawn 105 Figure 9 is a vertical section through the lower and may be replaced by merely clipping the sash and the lower part of the window-frame, plates 8 between the plates 18 and locating them the moisture guard and other parts being seen with their respective apertures 10 in register with in elevation. the respective apertures 19, and then inserting Figure 10 is a view similar to Figure 4 of the the bolts 11. Each plate 8 is preferably formed with a series of apertures 20' spaced about the outer edge of the curved portion 9 and located to be brought successively into register with an aperture 21 in the respective plate 18 so that by inserting a pin through the registering openings, that is any one of the openings 20 and the opening 21, the plates 8 and 18 may be readily locked together and prevent pivotal movement of plates 8 on their pivots 11. A pin 22 is provided for each plate 18 and located to be moved through the respective plate 18 into and out of engagement with any of the apertures 29; This movement may be accomplished in any of various ways, the preferred means being shown at the lower portion of Figure 1 wherein is seen a U-shaped bar 23 carrying the pin 22, and located to slide within the housing 16 to and from the position seen in Figure 1 and thus to and from a position with the pin 22 extending into one of the apertures 20. A guiding block 24 is preferably located between the arms of the U-shaped plate 23 and is carried by the base plate 25 retained in position and in engagement with the trim 3 by the mounting of the housing, the base plate 25 being proportioned to snugly fit within the base of the housing. This base plate is arranged in the housing 16 substantially the same as the correspond ing base plate in housing 15 now to be described. A thrust rod 26 preferably detachably engages the opposite arm of the U-shaped bar 23 from that carrying the pin 22, and bar 26 extends through the housing or boxing is into the housing 15, and is provided with an appropriate head or block 2'7 slidingly mounted Within the housing 15. A spring 28 is disposed to stress the block 27 in a direction pulling the bar 26 to the position normally retaining the pin 22 seated, as seenin Figure 1, extending through one of the apertures 20. A rocking lever 29 is arranged within the housing 15 and has one end pivoted to the slide bar 27, and its opposite end pivoted to a corresponding slide bar 30, which latter slide bar carries the pin 22 at that edge of the sash at whichthe housing 15 is located. The pivotal connections between the lever 29 and the slides 27 and30 may, of course, assume any appropriate and acceptable form, and may be threaded pins 31, 31, threaded intothe respective slide bars and extending into appropriate apertures in the lever 7 29. A base plate 32 is located in the base of housing 15 and is largely similar in form and location with respect to housing 15 to the base plate 25 with respect to housing 16. Base plate 32 is seen in Figures 1 and 5, and is provided with an ou wardly extending lug or block 33 similar to lug or block 24 of plate 25, except that the lug 33 is proportioned and located to guide the two slide blocks 27 and 30 which are spaced apart and move relatively in opposite directions while the lug or block 24 merely guides the sliding movement of the two arms of the bar 23. An operating handle 34; is provided to actuate the lever 29, and, to that end, is connected to an actuating shaft 35 which extends through the lever 29 and finds bearing in the lug or block 33. That portion of shaft .35 which engages the lever 29 is preferably sduared or otherwise locked to the lever 29, as seen in Figure 1, to cause the lever to swing With'the oscillations of shaft 35. Shaft 35 is also preferably provided with a threaded recess in its outer end portion or head, as seen in Figure 5, which is engaged by the inwardly-extending threaded portion of the handle 34 to facilitate assemblage and dismantling, but, of course, the detail construction of these parts is susceptible of a wide range of variation. The operation consists in merely swinging the handle 34 to oscillate the lever" 29, and thus move the slide block 27 against the pressure of the spring 28, which causes a retracting movement of the slide block 30 and a corresponding Withdrawal of the pin 22 carried. by the block 30. At the same time the movement of the lever 29 causing a thrust of the bar 26 pushes the U-shaped bar 23 to the opposite side of housing 16 from that occupied by it when in the locking position, and this movement retracts the pin 22 carried by the bar 23 and thus both of the plates 8 are released by the movement of the handle 34 and the sash 6 is then free to swing upon its pivots l1 and may be adjusted to any desired position or angular relation to the window-frame. The movement is purposely enabled to be such as provides for a complete inversion of the sash 6 as shown in dotted lines in Figure 2. To this end, the ears 8 must be of sufiicient length to allow the sash to clear the seat 13 and all other parts of the framing and trim. An advantage in this possibility resides in the fact that the exterior of the window can be washed and thoroughly cleaned without the necessity of approach from the exterior. To hold th sash in place dur ing a cleansing operation and for retaining the sash in place for any other reason while in its inverted position, an aperture 20 is preferably provided in each of the ears 8 in proper location to enable the sash to be locked when thus inverted.

Apertures 8 are preferably provided also, as plainly seen in Figures 2 and 9, for locking the sash in any of numerous other angular relations to the window-frame. ihus, the sash may be opened to any'degree required for purposes of ventilation.

In this connection, it is obvious, of course,

that if the sash is opened to a position, for in- 3 stance as seen in full lines in Figure 2, and no provision be made against moisture entering the room laterally or edgewise with respect to the sash, rain could be driven by wind readilyinto the room when the sash is set at some such angle as shown in Figure 2. For that reason, it is desirable to provide means to prevent moisture from passing horizontally along the sash and entering the room'between the sash and the window-frame or trim 3. vide at each edge of the sash 6 a moisture guard which. is adapted to be open d by the action of the sash and also closed by the action of the sash incident to its movements to and from the angular position seen in Figure 2. Each of the moisture guards consists of nested plates comprising a housing plate 36 and an actuator plate 3'? with leaf plates 38 therebetween all pivoted together at the lower ends of the leaf plates and To this end, we pro- 1 the housing plate as indicated at 39. The upper o ends of the several plates are preferably connected by having the leaf plates 38 and the housing plate 36 each formed with an arcuate, transverse slot 40. The first leaf plate 38 beyond the housing plate 36 is provided with a pin or rivet 41 extending into the slot 40 so as to be guided thereby, and correspondingly each of the successive leaf plates 38 is provided with a rivet or pin 41, and the actuator plate 37 is provided with a simi lar pin or rivet 41, each of said pins or rivets engaging the slot 40 of the respective next preceding leaf plate 38, so that, when the upper end of the actuator plate 37 is swung outward, all of the plates will be pivoted with respect to each other on the pivot 39 and open fan-like. To insurethis movement and also to accommodate the same, the housing plate 36 is pivoted to the boxing 4 as by a pin or like fastening 42 extending through a slot 43 in the upper terminal extension of the plate 36. Plate 36 is provided with a longitudinal flange 44 extending about its upper end and along its rear or outer edge, which flange affords a housing for the several cooperating plates when they are brought to their nested position, as seen in Figures 3. The terminal flange in which the slot 43 is provided preferably upstands from the free edge of the end portion of flange 44. Each of the plates 38 and plate is also preferably stiffened by a marginal fiange 45. The free edge of actuator plate 37 is provided with a preferably enlarged, marginal flange 46 which is of a width sufficient to enclose the several plates 38 when in their nested position, as seen in Figure 3. The actuator plate 37 preferably extends below the place of the pivot 39, as at 49, and is apertured, at 47, and at that point mounted on an appropriate pivot pin 48 fixed to the stop 4, or other appropriate part of the window casing. The extension 49 of the actuator plate 37 is preferably formed arcuate, as at 50, throughout a portion of its length, and is provided with a flattened portion 51 below the curved or arcuate part 50. The pivot 48 is located sufficiently adjacent to the line of the sash 6 that, when the parts are nested as seen in Figure 3, the free edge of plate 3'7 including the flat portion 51 rests against the vertical, marginal bar of the sash, and when the operator starts to move the sash 6 from its vertical position as seen in Figure 3 to an angular position or outstanding relation to the window-frame, the lower portion of the sash pressing'against the flat portion 51 of the extension 49 of actuator plate 3'7 causes the plate to swing upon the pivot 48 from the closed .p position of Figure 3 toward or to the open position seen in Figure 2, according to the extent of movement of the sash 6. Thus, the sash 6 in being moved to its open position automatically causes the moisture guard to open correspondingly and to thus prevent undesirable entrance of moisture at the vertical edges of the sash.

Should it become desirable to invert the sash or otherwise'move the sash substantially beyond the position seen in Figure 2, or, in other words,

beyond a predetermined limit fixed by the width and number of the several plates 36, 37, and 38 and' the length of their slots 40, the lower ends of the side bars of sash 6 will pass into the concaved or curved portion of the respective actuator plates 37, as seen in Figure 9, and thus the 4 sash is free to move to its inverted or otherwise fully opened position. Regardless of how far the sash may have been opened, the closing movement of the sash, bringing the vertical marginal bars of the sash'into contact with the flanges 46 of actuator plates 37, causes the fan like blades of the moisture guards to be telescoped or nested together to the position seen in Figure 3. Thus, the action of the moisture guards is entirely au-' tomatic, and does not require any attention from the operator who is, therefore, free to use one hand to actuate and control the handle 34 and the other hand to move the sash 6.

The superimposed sash 5 cooperates with the sash 6 and is preferably pivotally mounted to 1 function substantially identically the same as the sash 6, and, to that end, any appropriate portion of the window casing or parts fixed to the window casing may be provided to afford the necessary v non-moving support for the pivot of the sash 5. However, we prefer to utilize an appropriate,

transverse transom bar located to allow the bottom of the sash 5 to move to and from an interlocking position with respect to the top of the sash 6, as plainly seen in Figure 7. A moisture guard is preferably provided for the sash .5 which is identical with that employed with respect to sash 6, and the same reference numerals have been applied and the description is equally applicable. V

Plates 52, 52, similar in all respects to'plates 7, are fixed to the vertical edges substantially at the lower end of the sash 5- and are provided With outstanding ears 53 corresponding in form and function with the ears 8, but preferably differing slightly therefrom in that the ears 53 are preferably located outwardo-f the cooperating, upstanding plates or projections 54, 54, and the pivots are, therefore, preferably provided by employing threaded pins or bolts 55, 55 threaded into the ears 53 in the line of the axis of movement thereof and having their heads or other smooth portions finding bearing in and extending through the plates 54. The ears 53 are provided, as best seen in Figure 7, with apertures 56 cor responding in location and function to the apertures 20 of ears 8. I

A transom bar 5'7 connects the sides of the window-frame substantially in the line of the lower end portion of the sash 5 when the sash-is in its upright position, and the transom bar may be made up of appropriate strips of material or otherwise formed as desired, but, however constructed, is provided with a longitudinal passageway 58 in which are arranged the locking rods 59, 59. Rods 59 terminate approximately midway in the length of the bar 57 and have their ends sufiiciently spaced apart toaccomodate a compression spring 60 therebetweenstressed to expand and thereby press'the bars 59 apart. Operating tabs 61, 61 preferably upstand from and are fixed to the respective bars 59, so that they may be grasped respectively by the thumb and finger of an operator to pull the bars 59 longitudinally toward each other against the pressure of the spring 60 to effect a retracting movement of the parts. The outer ends of the respective bars 59 carry the locking pins 62 which correspond to the pins 22, and which extend through appropriate apertures in the fixed or upstanding plates 57 and are designed to enter any of the series of apertures 56 in the respective cars 53 for locking the sash 5 in any of its angular positions after the manner of the operation described with respect to sash 6.

As best seen in Figure 8, the transom bar is anchored at its ends to the window framing, preferably by employing at each end an especially constructed connecting plate consisting essentially of a leaf 63 located, as plainly seen in Figures 1 and 8, within the transom bar 57, and an attaching plate 64 formed integral with the plate 63 and apertured to accommodate the screws or other appropriate fastening means 65, 65, which penetrate the plate and engage the' respective side of the window-frame to fasten the transom bar in place. A bolt 66 is preferably provided for each of the plates 63 and passes through a portion of the material of the transom bar 5'7 and is threaded into the respective plate 63 for clamping the plate and bar together. The upstanding plate 54, as plainly seen in Figures 1 and 8, is preferably formed integral with the plates 63 and 64.

The operation of the upper sash 5 is exactly as that described with respect to the sash 6, except that the release of the locks is accomplished by pressing the two tabs 61 toward each other instead of by partially rotating the handle 34.

Otherforms of locking means may be provided for the structures disclosed, and one modified form is illustrated in Figure 6 in which 8 indicates the ear that is carried by a plate fixed to a sash, and 18 the fixed plate carried by a housing 15 fixed to the window-frame. A slide 30 is arranged within the housing 15' and is pressed by a spring 28' toward an outstanding position. A locking pin 22' is carried by the slide 30 in position for entering any of the succession of apertures formed in the peripheral portion of theear 8' so as to lock the ear in any given or desired angular relation. The ear 8 is pivotally mounted on the head of the bolt or pin 11 which is threaded into the plate 18'. The outer end of the pin 22' is formed convexed and theexposed face of the ear 8 about each of the apertures to be entered by the locking pin 22 is countersunk. or concaved, as indicated at 67. Thus, an operator by pressing his finger on an instrument, such as a tapering punch, lead pencil, or the like, against the convexed outer end of the locking pin 22 can press the pin and its slide bar 30 inward against the pressure of spring 28' until the edge of the convexed portion passes that edge of the aperture of ear 3' nearer plate 18', and thereupon the ear 8"may be-swung upon its pivot 11 camming its way across the convexed outer end portion of the pin 22. Naturally, the pin will spring back into the next registering aperture and must be again'released for'further movement of the ear 8 whether advancing or returning.

It will, of course, be obvious that where the retaining or locking device for the upper sash assumes the form seen in Figure 6, there will be no occasion to use a transom bar or bar similar to bar 57, or any other cross member in the length of the window frame so that, when the sashes are removed for allowing furniture to be moved through the window, there will be no cross obstruction. When the bar 57 is used, it may, of course, be removed for purposes of removing the two sashes andleaving the, window frame entireiy open and free.

Also, it will be understood that the various em bodiments of the invention as set forth are applicable to windows whose boxing or framing vary in depth aceording'to the thickness of the wall to which they are applied, and where the boxing is of sufficient depth the plates 8 and 53 will not outstand beyond such boxing, The 10- caticn of such wider boxing is indicated by the broken line in Figure 2. Naturally, the structural form and functional capacity of the invention is in no sense limited to the depth or other detailed features of the window frame or boxing.

What is claimed is.:

1. In window construction, the combination, with a window frame, of a sash therefor, a plate fixed to the sash and having an ear outstanding from the face of the sash, a housing fixed to the frame and having an outstanding plate lying alongside the first-mentioned plate, means pivotally connecting the plates for enabling the sash to swing on such pivotal connection, the sash-carried plate having a series of apertures spaced about its peripheral portion, a locking pin extending through the housingcarried plate in position for moving into and out of the apertures of the sash-carried plate when brought into register with the aperture of the housing-carried plate, and means within the housing for moving the locking pin.

2. The combination as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said housing and plates are at one side of the window-frame and similar plates and housing are located at the opposite side of the window-frame and with a similar locking pin and operating means therefor, and means connecting the operating means of the locking pins for coordinating the movements of said pins.

3. In window construction, the combination, with a window-frame, of a sash therefor, plates fixed to and outstanding from the sash at spaced points thereof, a lock housing for each of said plates fixed to the window-frame adjacent the respective plate, a cooperating plate for each lock housing for the respective sash plate, means pivotally connecting each sash plate with its respective lock housing plate, and means carried by the lock housings for detachably locking the plates against pivotal movement.

4. The combination as claimed in claim 3 with means'connecting'the said locking means of the two housings for coordinating the locking actions.

5. The combination as claimed in claim 3 with means coordinating the locking actions of the locking means of said housings and means at one of the housin s for manually actuating and controlling the locking means.

6. The combination as claimed in claim 3 with actuating means for the locking means arranged in said housings, and a rod connecting said actuating means for synchronizing the movements of the locking means.

7. The combination as claimed in claim 3 with actuating means for the locking means arranged in said housings, a rod connecting said actuating means for synchronizing the movements of the locking means, cushioning means stressing said actuating means toward the locking position, and manually operable means for moving the locking means in the opposite direction.

8. In window construction, the combination, with a windowframe, of a sash pivoted to swing vertically into and out of the frame, a moisture guard cooperating with said sash and having fanlike blades pivoted together and pivoted to the window-frame in position for opening and closing with the movement of the sash, and means carried by the moisture guard and extending into the path of the sash for being struck thereby to positively shift the plates of the guard to the open'position as the sash is being opened.

9. The combination as claimed in claim 8 with means carried by the moisture guard and extending into the path of the sash for being struck thereby to positively shift the plates of the guard to the open position as the sash' is being opened,

the moisture guard opening means having an arcuate portion providing a path of free movement for the window sash after the moisture guard has 

